Budgeting for a pet
Chances are, that pup or kitty you fell in love with will end up costing more than you expected. We broke down the costs so you can ensure you aren’t caught short.
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Chances are, that pup or kitty you fell in love with will end up costing more than you expected. We broke down the costs so you can ensure you aren’t caught short.
How much is that doggy in the window? More than you may think. Canadians spend $8-billion annually on their pets, and spending has increased roughly 30% over the last five years. Food and veterinary care make up a majority of the expenditure, but the pet you choose and your lifestyle will impact your financial commitment.
Let’s break things down before you stare into the sweet, hopeful eyes of a prospective fur baby (dog or cat)—after which there is no going back.
Generally speaking, the first year of pet ownership is the most expensive. You have to acquire the pet from a breeder or adoption agency and pay the associated fees, physically prepare your home, and take multiple trips to the vet. Some of the physical items you need to add to your home include a bed, crate/carrier and toys. You will visit the vet multiple times for physical exams and vaccines, and it’s recommended that your pet undergoes a spay or neuter (unless they will be used for breeding). Still, the annual cost of an adult dog or cat remains high at $3,242 and $2,083, respectively.
The Ontario Veterinary Medical Association (OVMA) gives a breakdown of the average cost of dog and cat ownership via its annual Cost of Care publications, as shown below.
Food | $1,031 |
Veterinary care | |
Annual wellness profile | $121 |
Annual heartworm/lyme test | $74 |
Heartworm/flea/tick prevention | $228 |
Exams with vaccines | $128 |
Fecal exams | $42 |
Dental care | $556 |
Accessories | |
Collar | $39 |
Toys | $65 |
Other expenses | |
Pet insurance | $933 |
Annual license | $25 |
Total cost | $3,242 |
Source: OMVA
The first year cost of a puppy increases to $3,934 when you add things like a spay or neuter ($612), microchipping ($64), bed and crate ($190), and obedience classes ($460).
Food | $467 |
Veterinary care | |
Annual wellness profile | $121 |
Flea prevention | $127 |
Exams with vaccines | $128 |
Fecal exams | $42 |
Dental care | $550 |
Accessories | |
Collar | $8 |
Toys | $25 |
Other expenses | |
Litter | $156 |
Pet insurance | $444 |
Annual license | $15 |
Total cost | $2,083 |
Source: OMVA
Again, the first year cost of a kitten increases to $2,516 when you take into account things like a spay or neuter ($501), microchipping ($64), scratching post and carrier ($110), and litter and litter box ($191).
Overall, you’re looking at $31,678 over a 15-year lifespan of a cat and $33,112 over a 10-year lifespan of a dog.
With the cost of caring for dogs, there is more variability in cost due to their varying sizes and the genetic health issues of particular breeds. In general, the bigger the dog, the bigger the cost. Not only do larger dogs eat more, but veterinary care is generally more expensive as well. Think about the amount of anesthesia needed to for a Chihuahua versus a Great Dane in a spay or neuter procedure; a Great Dane is like a small horse!
Furthermore, some breeds are predisposed to genetic health issues and have shorter lifespans. Bernese Mountain Dogs, for example, have sweet temperaments and are great family dogs, but they also have shorter average lifespans (seven to 10 years) and are plagued with a host of health issues, like hip and elbow dysplasia, and certain types of cancer.
You also have to consider your home and work life when welcoming a pet into your family. The cost of care will increase if you have to hire a dog walker during the day because you have long office hours, or pay for boarding to accommodate work travel. Certain dog breeds also require more exercise and may need to be taken out more than once a day, especially if they are cooped up in a small condo or apartment. If in doubt, you can use Pawzy’s Dog Breed Selector to assess whether a particular breed might fit your lifestyle.
The costs discussed above represent averages and do not account for accidents or illnesses. You will have to set up an emergency fund or buy pet insurance to cover unanticipated expenses.
The last thing you want to have to do is re-home or euthanize a pet because you can’t afford them. Proper budgeting for the annual cost of care and emergencies is crucial to bringing a pet into their furever home.
Kerri-Lynn McAllister is a proud pet parent to two Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and the Founder & CEO at Pawzy, a website that connects pet parents to healthcare services and advice.
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I appreciate that you are trying to adequately prepare people for the cost of pet ownership, and it’s always better to plan to spend more than you do, but the costs mentioned are way out of line with what the average pet owner pays. The cost you have mentioned for pet food is high, and that’s for a big dog eating high end food. I have only ever owned quite large dogs and at most have purchased one bag a month, at $68 a bag.
Even the vet costs are out of line. What you have listed may be the costs for a new puppy (which we have), as they need to visit the vet 3 times to get all of their vaccines, however after year one they only visit the vet once a year unless there is some kind of issue. I have never in my life had any vet, even the expensive holistic ones, cost as much as you have listed.
The costs for spay and neuter are also inflated if you use your local spay and neuter clinic (not the vet), which was not mentioned in the article. These cost cutting measures (that do not impact the quality of life of your pet) should be mentioned, such as purchasing needed items second hand. We got 1 medium crate, 2 large crates, a crate bed and a slow feeder bowl for our puppy all for $130 (factoring in the sale of the medium size crate). We also bought baby gates for our kitchen second hand as well.
Pet insurance is optional, and not always recommended, and I don’t think people buy their pet a new collar every single year, however they do buy more toys than you’ve got budgeted. Also dental care at the cost you are suggesting is not normally recommended by vets, unless there is a real problem. Owners should be brushing their pets teeth, end giving them toys that clean their teeth.
The one thing that is not mentioned is the cost of grooming. Even if you take your pet to a self serve wash, there are still costs for that, and shampoo, and for nail trimming, earl cleaning etc. even pets that don’t need to be trimmed should be bathed and groomed in some fashion every few months.
Also the costs for training are massively inflated. Most of the classes in our area are $175. Unless you plan on taking them to several different classes, usually a one time 10-12 week course on the basics will suffice. However the cost of dog daycare is not included and should be, especially in the first year, for at least one day a week, to help with proper socialization.
Thank you for the article, however some ideas on how to keep costs down, as well as outlining the typical, not the highest, cost of per ownership would have been helpful.
I agree that having a dogs can be expensive. I have 2 boxers so I have a decent understanding of cost.
Your analysis is a little exaggerated. First the food is not $1,000 per year. Not sure what you are feeding your dog, but a large bag of dry food for my 2 boxers last more than a month and only cost about $45 at Costco. Includes a whole lot of treats and you are stay way short of a $1,000
Second, you do not have to clean your dogs teeth every year. My boxers have great teeth and I only had to do it once (9 and 7 years old – treatment that was done during another surgery)
Third, at a $1,000 a year, insurance might or not be a good investment. Will all the restrictions, I came ahead without one. But again, insurance might be a good investment. Really a personal choice.
I spend that kind of money only in my last year, when I removed skin cancer from by older boxer. Agree that the first year might be a little more expensive.
Also, various vets charge different amount… I suspect your analysis is done for overpriced, downtown Toronto located vets.
Thank you for writing this article. People need to know about all these costs, and plan accordingly. We insured our dog and it is costly (55/mo), but worth it, although you still have to fork over the uninsured portions of each vet visit (and the yearly deductible). Be aware, that as your dog ages, the monthly insurance costs go up. We were really grateful, to be insured when our 15 year old dog needed an urgent splenectomy 2 years ago.
We brush our dogs teeth with an electric toothbrush. Takes a while for the pups to get used to it, but you will save thousands of dollars over their lifetime. Our vet can not believe how clean our 17 – year old dogs teeth are. I highly recommend it. At first, dogs don’t like the sensation in their mouth, but our dog doesn’t mind it at all now. Takes less than one minute to do it. Get an inexpensive kids electric toothbrush.
These prices do seem to reflect the upper end of the range – as we are about to pick up the 5th puppy in our life, but have not owned a dog for about 25 years. You are right in pointing out that people need to be prepared for a significant cost in owning a pet. On the positive side you should mention that pet ownership has been shown to produce health benefits – better physical and mental health and longer life span associated with pet ownership. Hard to put a price on that.
I stumbled onto this article and I’m surprised that it is still being read in 2024. Although the article is older the OVMA (Ontario Veterinary Medical Association) provide average prices since the prices at veterinary clinics differ even down the street, so Between Windsor and Ottawa there may a huge price difference along the multiple stops off the 401. Most clinics are offering costs less than what the OVMA is preparing owners for but not by much unless they are in rural areas.
Pet insurance is important for emergency situations, but do your research as they are not all made equal and there is a reason one may be less expensive than the other. In Canada Pets + Us, Trupanion, OVMA insurance and Petsecure are the ones my clients like the most.
Dental health is an area of underdiagnosed diseases. Most pets require a dental in the first 3-5 years of life and yearly for most pets <25lbs. The goal is to prevent and treat diseased and painful teeth which unfortunately we have not known the significance of since most clinics did not have dental x-rays. Always ask for dental x-rays to make sure you are not getting a cosmetic cleaning alone, but ensuring that while you are paying for anesthesia, that you are treating all the potential disease at the same time. NEVER take your pet to someone for "anesthesia-free dentistry" this will leave a lot of painful disease that will never affect their appetite.
Congratulations to any new pet parents looking for more information, there are updated costs at the OVMA website regarding annual costs for puppies/kittens and dogs/cats.
Your friendly neighbourhood veterinarian